Taxonomías digitales: fundamentos teóricos y metodología de construcción / Digital taxonomies: theoretical fundamentals and construction methodology

Resumen El artículo analiza las taxonomías digitales desde la perspectiva bibliotecológica. Su objetivo fue construir una taxonomía digital del área de conocimiento "Sistema solar" que pudiera ser implementada como sistema de acceso temático jerárquico-visual para un conjunto de recursos de información digitales albergados en un sitio web. La metodología empleada en la construcción de la taxonomía consistió en una propuesta particular que se nutre de dos metodologías relevantes sobre el tema. Se encontró que las taxonomías son un Sistema para la Organización del Conocimiento (SOC) que, debido a su potencial representador y organizador, han migrado al espacio de los Sistemas para la Organización del conocimiento en Red (SOCR) cuyas funciones en la web están asociadas, entre muchas aplicaciones, a la indización y clasificación de recursos de información. Se concluye que el conocimiento teórico y aplicado de las taxonomías digitales es prioritario para los profesionales de la información que día a día se enfrentan a más retos relacionados con el ordenamiento de recursos de información insertos en la World Wide Web.

Abstract The article analyzes digital taxonomies from the librarianship perspective. Its objective was to build a digital taxonomy about "Solar System" knowledge area that can be implemented as hierarchical-visual subject access system for a set of digital information resources stored in a website. The methodology used to build the taxonomy was a proposal based on two relevant methodologies about the topic. It was found that taxonomies are a Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) that, due to its representational and organizer potential, have migrated to the space of Networked Knowledge Organization Systems (NKOS), whose tasks on the web are associated, among many applications, to the indexing and classification of information resources. It is concluded that the theoretical and applied knowledge of digital taxonomies is a priority for information professionals who every day deals with challenges related to the organization of information sources inserted in the World Wide Web.

Implications of Knowledge Organization Systems for Health Information Exchange and Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This article aims to review the important roles of health knowledge organization systems (KOSs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Different types of knowledge organization systems, including term lists, synonym rings, thesauri, subject heading systems, taxonomies, classification schemes, and ontologies are widely recognized and applied in both modern and traditional information systems. Apart from their usage in the management of data, information, and knowledge, KOSs are seen as valuable components for large information architecture, content management, findability improvement, and many other applications. After introducing the challenges of information overload and semantic conflicts, the article reviews the efforts of major health KOSs, illustrates various health coding schemes, explains their usages and implementations, and reveals their implications for health information exchange and communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some general examples of the applications, services, and analysis powered by KOSs are presented at the end. As revealed in this article, they have become even more critical to aid the frontline endeavors to overcome the obstacles due to information overload and semantic conflicts that can occur during devastating historic and worldwide events like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Modelo de sistema de organización del conocimiento basado en ontologías / Model of a knowledge organization system based on ontologies

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer un modelo para el diseño y construcción de un sistema de organización del conocimiento basado en ontologías. Se propone, a través del uso de métodos descriptivos y criterios de otros autores, un modelo a partir del cual se puede obtener un sistema de información basado en ontologías. Se muestra y se explica la relación entre cada una de las partes del modelo, y se demuestran sus propiedades holísticas. Se plantean los resultados obtenidos de la evaluación del modelo para su validación a través del criterio de expertos. Todos los pasos establecidos a través del modelo resultaron importantes. La mayoría de los encuestados estuvieron a favor y en ningún caso se consideró que los pasos eran poco importantes o no importantes. Con la aplicación del modelo se espera estructurar las bases de un dominio del conocimiento en específico, tras una progresiva sustitución de los modelos convencionales del proceso de recuperación de la información por un modelo cognitivo...

The study is aimed at proposing a model for the design and construction of a knowledge organization system based on ontologies. Descriptive methods and criteria provided by other authors were used to devise and propose a model to obtain an information system based on ontologies. It is expected that the bases of a specific knowledge domain may be structured with the application of this method, following gradual replacement of conventional information retrieval models by a cognitive model. A discussion is also provided about the relationship between the various parts of the model, showing its holistic properties. The results obtained from evaluation of the model are presented for consideration by experts. All the steps established by the model were important. Most respondents were in favor and none considered that the steps were not very important or not important at all...